-
1 Gatling, Dr Richard Jordan
[br]b. 12 September 1818 Winston, North Carolina, USAd. 26 February 1903 New York, USA[br]American weapons designer and metallurgist.[br]Gatling first became interested in inventing when helping his father develop more-efficient agricultural machines, and as early as 1839 he developed a screw propeller for ships. Shortly after this he was struck down by smallpox, and it was this that caused him, when he recovered, to study medicine; he did this at the Ohio Medical College, graduating in 1850. The outbreak of the American Civil War in 1861 triggered an immediate interest in weaponry and he set about designing a rapid-fire weapon, which would both bear his name and be one of the forerunners of the machine gun: he completed his design of the Gatling Gun in 1862. His concept of using several barrels was not unique, with other inventors such as the Belgian Fafschamps and the Frenchman Reffye also employing it. However, Catling's gun was superior to the others in the soundness of its engineering. The rounds were fed through a hopper on top of the gun into the chambers of each barrel, and the barrels themselves were fixed in a cluster. An endless screw operated by a hand crank controlled the operation, opening the breech of each barrel in turn, enabling the round to drop into the chamber through a series of grooves, and then closing the breech and releasing the striker. In the face of fierce competition, the Gatling was adopted by the US Army in 1866, and many other armies followed suit. Although a version powered by an electric motor was introduced in 1893, the Gatling was gradually superseded by the fully automatic machine gun, first developed by Maxim. Even so, such was the excellence of the Gatling's mechanics that the concept was readopted by the Americans in the late 1950s and employed in such systems as the Vulcan air-defence gun and the airborne Minigun. Gatling's inventions did not end with his gun. In 1886 he developed a new steel and aluminium alloy and also experimented with the production of cast-steel cannon.CMBiographical history of technology > Gatling, Dr Richard Jordan
-
2 Gatling, Richard Jordan
(1818-1903) Гэтлинг, Ричард ДжорданИзобретатель; родился в Северной Каролине. В вместе с отцом разрабатывал сельскохозяйственные машины, до Гражданской войны изобрел несколько сельскохозяйственных орудий. С началом Гражданской войны стал конструировать оружие. В 1862 создал первый десятиствольный пулемет [ Gatling gun] (скорострельность - 350 выстрелов в минуту), принятый на вооружение в 1866. Позднее довел скорострельность до 1200 выстрелов в минутуEnglish-Russian dictionary of regional studies > Gatling, Richard Jordan
-
3 Gatling gun
Первый американский пулемет (1862), предшественник "максима" [ Maxim, The]; назван по фамилии изобретателя [ Gatling, Richard Jordan]. Скорострельность - 350 выстрелов в минуту при 5-10 барабанах. Начал использоваться в конце Гражданской войны и находился на вооружении армии США с 1866 по 1911, позже был взят на вооружение многими зарубежными армиями. Активно применялся в борьбе с индейцами. В 20-е гг. XX в. служил основным оружием нью-йоркским и бостонским гангстерамтж Gatling machine gunEnglish-Russian dictionary of regional studies > Gatling gun
-
4 Gatling
m.Gatling, Richard Jordan Gatling. -
5 Gatling gun
['gætlɪŋgʌn]ист.пулемёт "Га́тлинг"по имени изобретателя Р.Дж.Гатлинга [Richard Jordan Gatling, 1818-1903]English-Russian Great Britain dictionary (Великобритания. Лингвострановедческий словарь) > Gatling gun
-
6 Metallurgy
-
7 Weapons and armour
See also: INDEX BY SUBJECT AREA[br]Armstrong, Sir William GeorgeCtesibius of AlexandriaZeng Gonglian
См. также в других словарях:
Richard Jordan Gatling — (* 12. September 1818 in Hertford County, North Carolina; † 26. Februar 1903 in New York City) war ein amerikanischer Erfinder. Richard Jordan Gatling wurde auf einem Bauernhof in Indianapolis geboren. Er zeigte bereits früh großes Talent … Deutsch Wikipedia
Richard Jordan Gatling — Infobox Scientist name =Richard Jordan Gatling box width = image width = caption =Photograph of Gatling birth date =September 12, 1818 birth place =Hertford County, North Carolina death date =February 26, 1903 death place =New York City residence … Wikipedia
Richard Jordan Gatling — Cet article concerne l inventeur américain. Pour la mitrailleuse Gatling, voir Gatling. Richard Jordan Gatling … Wikipédia en Français
Gatling,Richard Jordan — Gat·ling (gătʹlĭng), Richard Jordan. 1818 1903. American firearms inventor of the first rapid firing gun (patented 1862). * * * … Universalium
Gatling, Richard Jordan — ▪ American inventor born Sept. 12, 1818, Maney s Neck, N.C., U.S. died Feb. 26, 1903, New York, N.Y. American inventor best known for his invention of the Gatling gun (q.v.), a crank operated, multibarrel machine gun, which he patented in… … Universalium
GATLING, RICHARD JORDAN — the inventor of the Gatling gun, born in Hertford County, N. Carolina, U.S.; he was bred to and graduated in medicine, but in 1849 settled in Indianapolis and engaged in land and railway speculation; his famous machine gun, capable of firing… … The Nuttall Encyclopaedia
Richard Jordan Gatling — noun United States inventor of the first rapid firing gun (1818 1903) • Syn: ↑Gatling • Instance Hypernyms: ↑inventor, ↑discoverer, ↑artificer … Useful english dictionary
Richard Gatling — Richard Jordan Gatling Richard Jordan Gatling (* 12. September 1818 in Hertford County, North Carolina; † 26. Februar 1903 in New York City) war ein amerikanischer Erfinder. Richard Jordan Gatling wurde auf einem Bauernhof in Indianapolis geboren … Deutsch Wikipedia
Richard John Gattling — Richard Jordan Gatling Cet article concerne l inventeur américain. Pour la mitrailleuse Gatling, voir Gatling. Richard Jordan Gatling … Wikipédia en Français
Gatling — steht für: Richard Jordan Gatling (1818–1903), amerikanischer Erfinder Gatling Repetiergeschütz, eine nach dem Erfinder Richard Gatling benannte automatische Schusswaffe Gatling (Waffenklasse), verschiedene Waffen, die nach dem Gatling Prinzip… … Deutsch Wikipedia
Gatling gun — 1870, named for designer Dr. Richard Jordan Gatling (1818 1903); patented by 1862 but not used in American Civil War until the Petersburg campaign of June 1864 as an independent initiative by U.S. Gen. Ben Butler. For the first time in this war,… … Etymology dictionary
